Compare political systems
There are different political systems. The type of political system adopted in a country is up to the country. Now, if you are Japanese or British, imagine that the leader of your country would be elected by you directly. On the other hand, if you are American, imagine that the president would also be a member of Congress. The system where a leader of a country is a member of an assembly is called a parliamentary system. The system where a leader of a country is directly elected by the people is called a presidential government. In this essay, I will compare and contrast a parliamentary cabinet system with a presidential government.
As I said above, a parliamentary cabinet system is mainly adopted in the United Kingdom and Japan. A prime minister, the leader of these countries, is a member of the assembly or legislative branch of government. Moreover, the prime minister is an elected member of the assembly who is elected by the vote among an assembly. For example, in Japan, it takes place in both houses of the Diet. Additionally, if the results of the vote are different between both houses, the opinion of the representatives is adopted. Consequently, the prime minister and cabinet have a responsibility to the assembly. In this system, as a result, the legislature and the executive leader are not separable. Accordingly, I am sure that this system is ineffective, because this can cause the arbitrary rule of a dictator who has non-independent powers. Next, I will discuss the similarities to a presidential government. That is the existence of the legislature, the executive leader and the judicial branch. However, as mentioned above, their independence is not perfect. For that reason, I consider that the system is insignificant,. because separation of powers is a basic idea of democracy.
Then, as a matter of course, there are some merits and demerits to this system. The chief merits are two. They are stability of a political situation and clearness of responsibility, for example, if the House passed a vote of confidence in the Cabinet, a prime minister has to choose a general resignation of the Cabinet or dissolution of the House of Representatives. On the other hand, the main demerit is a risk that the majority uses power absolutely, such as prewar Japan. I am sure that this risk is graver than the merits, because to use power absolutely is defined as the worst thing in democracy.
Next, I will discuss about the presidential government. This is also as previously mentioned, however, the United States is main country that adopts this political system and the president is directly elected by the people. As a result, the president has a responsibility to the people. Moreover, the executive officer is elected by the people. Consequently, the legislature and the executive is absolutely separated. For that reason, this system is better. Because, separation of powers is a basic idea of democracy as I discussed.
As I said above, a parliamentary cabinet system is mainly adopted in the United Kingdom and Japan. A prime minister, the leader of these countries, is a member of the assembly or legislative branch of government. Moreover, the prime minister is an elected member of the assembly who is elected by the vote among an assembly. For example, in Japan, it takes place in both houses of the Diet. Additionally, if the results of the vote are different between both houses, the opinion of the representatives is adopted. Consequently, the prime minister and cabinet have a responsibility to the assembly. In this system, as a result, the legislature and the executive leader are not separable. Accordingly, I am sure that this system is ineffective, because this can cause the arbitrary rule of a dictator who has non-independent powers. Next, I will discuss the similarities to a presidential government. That is the existence of the legislature, the executive leader and the judicial branch. However, as mentioned above, their independence is not perfect. For that reason, I consider that the system is insignificant,. because separation of powers is a basic idea of democracy.
Then, as a matter of course, there are some merits and demerits to this system. The chief merits are two. They are stability of a political situation and clearness of responsibility, for example, if the House passed a vote of confidence in the Cabinet, a prime minister has to choose a general resignation of the Cabinet or dissolution of the House of Representatives. On the other hand, the main demerit is a risk that the majority uses power absolutely, such as prewar Japan. I am sure that this risk is graver than the merits, because to use power absolutely is defined as the worst thing in democracy.
Next, I will discuss about the presidential government. This is also as previously mentioned, however, the United States is main country that adopts this political system and the president is directly elected by the people. As a result, the president has a responsibility to the people. Moreover, the executive officer is elected by the people. Consequently, the legislature and the executive is absolutely separated. For that reason, this system is better. Because, separation of powers is a basic idea of democracy as I discussed.
作品名：Compare political systems 作家名：Ace-Takumi